Did you know that Caravaca de la Cruz holds evidence of the meteorite that wiped out the dinosaurs?

The Barranco del Gredero, located in Caravaca de la Cruz, is not just a natural spot to visit. It has been classified as one of the most important Geological Sites of Interest in the Region of Murcia and worldwide. This paleontological treasure has allowed scientists to study one of the most catastrophic events in Earth's history: the extinction of the dinosaurs. The ravine has preserved evidence of one of the planet’s most dramatic moments, an impact that changed the course of life 66 million years ago.

In the 1970s, a Dutch geologist named Jan Smit began exploring the Barranco del Gredero in Caravaca de la Cruz, a site that at the time seemed to hold little significance. However, his research would reveal something astonishing: the ravine contains a crucial geological layer known as the "black layer," key to explaining the mass extinction of the dinosaurs. In this thin sediment layer, Smit found evidence of the impact of a large meteorite that collided with Earth about 66 million years ago. 

This discovery, which includes unusually high concentrations of iridium and tiny mineral spherules, was one of the first pieces of evidence to support the theory that an extraterrestrial impact caused the mass extinction. Smit’s findings not only put the Barranco del Gredero on the world’s scientific map but also provided significant evidence that matched studies from other places, such as Italy and Denmark, solidifying this groundbreaking theory about one of the most catastrophic events in our planet’s history.

What makes it truly special is that its sedimentary layers contain the so-called “K-T boundary” or “Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary,” a thin geological layer that contains a high concentration of iridium, an element rare on Earth but abundant in asteroids. This layer is clear evidence of the meteorite impact that struck the Yucatan Peninsula and caused the extinction of over 70% of the planet's species, including the dinosaurs.

But the Barranco del Gredero is not only known for its geological significance. It is also a spectacular natural landscape. Over the years, time and erosion have sculpted the land, giving it its characteristic ravine shape. The exposed geology on the ravine's walls reveals layers of millions of years of history, making this place a paradise for geologists and curious visitors alike.

The ravine is also surrounded by flora typical of the region’s semi-arid climate, with species such as esparto grass, thyme, and rosemary. It is also home to small mammals, reptiles, and birds, who find a perfect refuge in this environment.

Access to the famous "black layer" of Caravaca, located in the Barranco del Gredero, is just over 3 kilometers south-southwest of the center of Caravaca de la Cruz. To get there, take the national highway 330 towards Lorca. About 100 meters after kilometer 68, turn right onto a road that circles an industrial building called Hierros del Noroeste. Just behind this building lies the ravine, where you can observe the black layer up close. Descending into the channel, you can explore the ravine heading north, discovering geological materials deposited from the Cretaceous to the Eocene.

Activities to do in the Barranco del Gredero:

Paleontological hiking: Exploring the Barranco del Gredero on foot is a spectacular experience. Walking its trails allows you to discover millions of years of geological history. As you move along, you can admire the different sedimentary layers formed during the Cretaceous and Eocene periods, as well as observe the remains of marine organisms that inhabited the area millions of years ago.

Geological observation: Both experts and amateurs will find in the ravine’s walls an open book. And if you’re looking for something more exciting than just observing rock layers... Bring your camera! You’ll capture images with contrasts you can’t find in many other places.

Picnics in nature: A picnic after a day in the ravine sounds like the perfect plan. The setting is ideal for relaxing and spending time with family or friends, though always be sure to leave no trash and avoid collecting samples from the Black Layer. The looting of this important geological resource has been a major threat, and its conservation is essential to preserve our Geological Heritage and the planet’s history.

Come to discover what makes this place in Caravaca de la Cruz so special and embark on a journey millions of years in the making. The Barranco del Gredero awaits you!